Domestic type boilers

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to a domestic type boiler, particularly an oil-fired boiler, consisting of a boiler section and an extension section, the latter including a burner and ancillary equipment, in which the boiler section is located within the dwelling house and the extension section located external to the dwelling house.

United States Patent Inventor John Charles WiIIiam-OBrien Gracedieu Road, Waterford, County Waterford, Ireland Appl. No. 821,583

Filed May 5, 1969 Patented Feb. 23, 1971 DOMESTIC TYPE BOILERS 9 Claims, 4 Drawing Figs.

US. Cl 122/156 Int. Cl. F22b 7/02 Field of Search 122/149, 156, 155

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,354,932 8/1944 Walker et al. 122/149X 2,448,128 8/1948 Trageser [22/156 3,028,843 4/1962 Carlson et al 122/149 Primary Examiner- Kenneth W. Sprague Att0rneyMcGlew and Toren ABSTRACT: The invention relates to a domestic type boiler, particularly an oil-fired boiler, consisting of a boiler section and an extension section, the latter including a burner and ancillary equipment, in which the boiler section is located within the dwelling house and the extension section located external 'to the dwelling house.

PATENTEDFEBZ IHYI I 37565046 saw u [1F 4 Inventor .T HN CNARLES wILLmM o'binfll A Home y DOMESTIC TYPE BOILERS The preset invention relates to improvements in domestictype boilers particularly oil fixed boilers although the invention may also be applied to gas fired equipment.

Pressure-fed oil fired heating equipment, particularly oil fired boilers for central heating and for domestic water supply are normally installed in an outhouse or in a separate boiler room to avoid any possibility of oil fumes entering the living quarters, and because of the burner noise. Heating units have also been proposed adapted to be arranged within a dwelling area and to be coupled to a fuel burning means, arranged externally of the dwelling area, through a connecting duct or box in a wall of the dwelling area.

The present invention is particularly concerned with a compact unit having a boiler section occupying substantially less space than in previous proposals and by which a compact arrangement of the parts is possible while providing a simple and economical construction.

In accordance with the present invention a domestic boiler comprises a casing incorporating a lagged boiler section and an extension section incorporating a burner and ancillary equipment, and in which the boiler section includes a combustion chamber consisting of a reentrantly curved boiler tube having its inlet and outlet on the outer side of the boiler section and in heat-transferring relation with water in the boiler section. The boiler may be arranged for installation externally of a dwelling area, for example it may be fitted to the outside house wall, and in that case at least part of the boiler may be protected by a suitable cover or casing.

Alternatively, the boiler may be installed in an opening in a wall structure in which case the boiler section is accommodated almost wholly within said structure and the extension part is located mainly on the outer side of the wall and housing the burner and ancillary equipment. In this case the end of the boiler facing the inside of the dwelling area may be covered by a shallow panel housing controls for regulating the operation of the boiler. Where the boiler is arranged externally of the dwelling area water connections may be carried through the wall structure;

The curved boiler tube may be provided with projecting fins extending into the water zone of the boiler, or alternatively or in addition laterally projecting U-shaped tubes may be pro vided extending outwardly of the boiler tube and opening at their ends into such tube.

Conveniently the equipment comprises a circular tubular casing with a welded-in center partition dividing the easing into a boiler section and a section adapted to house the burner, the boiler section being closed, apart from the usual water connections, and being lagged with heat-insulating material, and said boiler section is traversed by a U-shaped tube or duct the lower end of which faces the burner and the upper end of which is connected to a bend leading to an upwardly directed short offtake pipe and vent which may be extended to any desired extent in the vertical direction. The part of the tube located within the boiler section is provided with outwardly directed fins or tubes to assist heat transfer to the water in the boiler section. The inwardly facing end of the tubular casing is provided with a cover plate conveniently of square shape and of a high grade finish suitable for exposure in a dwelling area, while the other end of said casing on the outer side of the building structure is provided with a detachable louvered cover to permit access of air to'the burner.

Embodiments of equipment according to the present invention are shown by way of example on the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the boiler fitted to a wall structure defining a dwelling area;

FIG. 2 is a front view as seen from inside the building,

FIG. 3 is an outside view; and

FIG. 4 is a side view of the boiler tube as seen from the lefthand side of FIG. 1 but with the casing and end wall of the boiler removed, and illustrating a modification of the invention.

The embodiments of the invention shown on the drawings relate to a boiler adapted to be fitted within a suitable opening in a cavity or other wall 5, but it will be understood that the boiler construction shown may also be arranged for installation externally of the dwelling area, connections to the boiler being taken through pipes extending through the wall.

The boiler is indicated generally at 4 and comprises an outer casing 6 conveniently of circular shape divided by a partition 7 into a boiler section 8 with suitable water inlet and outlet pipes, not shown, and a rearward extension 9 in which an oil fuel burner 10 of suitable type is mounted. Fuel supply means extending from a supply tank for operating the usual fan on the burner are provided as indicated at 27 on FIG. 3. The connections to an electric power supply are not shown. The casing is provided with radially directed struts or legs 22 which assist in locating the casing 6 in position in the wall 5 and with suitable bosses to receive flow and return pipes.

A U-shaped metal tube 11 serving as a combustion chamber is provided within the boiler section 8 and is open at the lower end adjacent to the burner 10 so that the flames from the latter are directed horizontally into the lower end of the tube 11 to effect heating of the water in the boiler section 8. The upper end of the tube 11 is reversely curved upwardly at 12 and passes through the upper section of the extension 9 into a vertical flue pipe 13 which may be of asbestos cement and carries a cap 14 closed at the, top and having louvered said outlets. Of course the flue pipe 13 can be continued upwardly to any desired extent to ensure that combustion products are adequately distributed into the atmosphere.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 the U-shaped tube 11 is provided with a number of outwardly directed fins 15 to promote transfer of heat to the water in the boiler section 8. In the alternative arrangement shown in FIG. 4 outwardly directed tubes 21 can be provided on one or both sides of the U-shaped tube 11. These tubes 21 are of U-shape providing an approximately semicircular formation being welded at their ends into the sidewalls of the tube I1 and if desired as shown the two half tubes 21 may together be of approximately circular configuration in end view. The position of these tubes 21 is also indicated in dotted lines in FIG. 1 and it will be understood that practical constructions of boiler may embody fins 15 and/or tubes 21.

In the in-wall construction shown on the drawings the casing 6 extends to a comparatively short extent into the dwelling area to the left-hand side of the wall 5 in FIG. 1 and is covered by a cover member 16 conveniently of square shape, as shown, which embodies suitable controls 17 which may include a thermostat 23, an indicating light 24 and a switch 25.

The cover plate 16 is suitably finished by stove enamelling or with a decorative laminate to provide a suitable appearance for exposure in a dwelling area. Electric supply connections will normally be made through cable leads passing through the cover member 16. The pipe connections for the boiler are indicated on FIG. 2 at 26.

The other end of the casing 6 is closed by a detachable louvered cover 18 which can be removed to give access to the burner 10.

The boiler section 8 is surrounded by suitable lagging or insulating material 19 which extends over the peripheral walls and preferably also over the end walls, including the partition 7, to minimize heat loss from the boiler section 8.

The boiler construction described herein has been shown to be highly efficient in practice and ensures substantially complete combustion and highly efficient transfer of heat to the water within the boiler section. Further a construction is provided which permits the boiler section to be located almost wholly within the confines of the structural wall 5 with very little projection into the dwelling area while the size of the burner section 9 on the outer side of the wall 5 is maintained within moderate limits.

Iclaim:

I. A boiler adapted to be mounted in an exterior building wall comprising a boiler liquid section adapted to be mounted in the exterior wall, a gas tube extending through said liquid section for heating the liquid therein, an extension section comprising a continuation of said boiler liquid section and adapted to be positioned on the exterior of the building wall, combustion means for generating heating gases mounted in said extension section and connected to said gas tube for circulating the generated heating gases therethrough, a substantially cylindrical outer wall for said boiler liquid section and said extension section, and a partition wall of generally rectangular shape extending through said cylindrical wall and dividing aid liquid section from said extension section and forming a cover plate at the exterior of said cylindrical portion against the exterior of the building wall, and means for connecting fuel and water conduits for said liquid section and for said combustion means respectively extending through said cylindrical wall.

2. A boiler according to claim 1, wherein said gas tube is curved and has one end extending from said liquid section to said extension section and which is connected to said combustion means and an opposite end extending from said liquid section and terminating in a gas flue.

3. A boiler according to claim 1 including a partition dividing said boiler liquid section and said extension section, said gas tube having a first end extending through said partition and connected to said combustion means and a second end extending through said partition and terminating in a gas flue.

4. A boiler according to claim 1 wherein said liquid section and said extension section include a common substantially cylindrical exterior casing and a central partition in said casing between said boiler liquid section and said extension section, said gas tube comprising a curved tube portion in said liquid section having a first end sealed to said partition by welding and connected to said combustion means and a second end sealed to said partition by welding and connected to a gas flue.

5. A boiler adapted to be mounted in a building wall comprising a boiler liquid section adapted to be mounted in the exterior wall, a gas tube extending through said liquid section for heating the liquid therein, an extension section comprising a continuation of said boiler liquid section and adapted to be positioned on the exterior of the building wall, combustion means for generating heating gases mounted in said extension section and connected to said gas tube for circulating the generating heating gases therethrough, said gas tube extending through said liquid section, and at least one partially annulrtube extending outwardly from each side of said gas tube within said liquid section and communicating with said gas tube at each end.

6. A boiler according to claim 5 including an exterior building wall structure, said boiler liquid section extending inwardly from the exterior surface of said exterior wall, said extension section extending outwardly on the exterior side of said exterior wall.

7. A boiler according to claim 6, including a panel housing extending around said liquid section on the interior of said building exterior wall.

8. A boiler according to claim 5, wherein said gas tube is provided with outwardly directed fins for increasing the heat transfer to the liquid in the liquid section.

9 A boiler adapted to be mounted in a building wall comprising a boiler liquid section adapted to be mounted in the building wall, a gas tube extending through said liquid section for heating the liquid therein, an extension section comprising a continuation of said boiler liquid section and adaptedto be positioned on the exterior of the building wall, a partition wall dividing said boiler liquid section from said extension section adapted to be located adjacent the exterior of the building wall, and combustion means for generating heating gases mounted in said extension section and connected to said gas tube for circulating the generated heating gases therethrough, said gas tube extending at its upper end from said liquid section into said extension section and extending upwardly within said extension section and out through the extension section to form a flue adapted to be located at the exterior of the building wall. 

1. A boiler adapted to be mounted in an exterior building wall comprising a boiler liquid section adapted to be mounted in the exterior wall, a gas tube extending through said liquid section for heating the liquid therein, an extension section comprising a continuation of said boiler liquid section and adapted to be positioned on the exterior of the building wall, combustion means for generating heating gases mounted in said extension section and connected to said gas tube for circulating the generated heating gases therethrough, a substantially cylindrical outer wall for said boiler liquid section and said extension section, and a partition wall of generally rectangular shape extending through said cylindrical wall and dividing aid liquid section from said extension section and forming a cover plate at the exterior of said cylindrical portion against the exterior of the building wall, and means for connecting fuel and water conduits for said liquid section and for said combustion means respectively extending through said cylindrical wall.
 2. A boiler according to claim 1, wherein said gas tube is curved and has one end extending from said liquid section to said extension section and which is connected to said combustion means and an opposite end extending from said liquid section and terminating in a gas flue.
 3. A boiler according to claim 1 including a partition dividing said boiler liquid section and said extension section, said gas tube having a first end extending through said partition and connected to said combustion means and a second end extending through said partition and terminating in a gas flue.
 4. A boiler according to claim 1 wherein said liquid section and said extension section include a common substantially cylindrical exterior casing and a central partition in said casing between said boiler liquid section and said extension section, said gas tube comprising a curved tube portion in said liquid section having a first end sealed to said partition by welding and connected to said combustion means and a second end sealed to said partition by welding and connected to a gas flue.
 5. A boiler adapted to be mounted in a building wall comprising a boiler liquid section adapted to be mounted in the exterior wall, a gas tube extending through said liquid section for heating the liquid therein, an extension section comprising a continuation of said boiler liquid section and adapted to be positioned on the exterior of the building wall, combustion means for generating heating gases mounted in said extension section and connected to said gas tube for circulating the generating heating gases therethrough, said gas tube extending through said liquid section, and at least one partially annular tube extending outwardly from each side of said gas tube within said liquid section and communicating with said gas tube at each end.
 6. A boiler according to claim 5 including an exterior building wall structure, said boiler liquid section extending inwardly from the exterior Surface of said exterior wall, said extension section extending outwardly on the exterior side of said exterior wall.
 7. A boiler according to claim 6, including a panel housing extending around said liquid section on the interior of said building exterior wall.
 8. A boiler according to claim 5, wherein said gas tube is provided with outwardly directed fins for increasing the heat transfer to the liquid in the liquid section.
 10. A boiler adapted to be mounted in a building wall comprising a boiler liquid section adapted to be mounted in the building wall, a gas tube extending through said liquid section for heating the liquid therein, an extension section comprising a continuation of said boiler liquid section and adapted to be positioned on the exterior of the building wall, a partition wall dividing said boiler liquid section from said extension section adapted to be located adjacent the exterior of the building wall, and combustion means for generating heating gases mounted in said extension section and connected to said gas tube for circulating the generated heating gases therethrough, said gas tube extending at its upper end from said liquid section into said extension section and extending upwardly within said extension section and out through the extension section to form a flue adapted to be located at the exterior of the building wall. 